A Case Report on Paracetamol-Induced Perorbital Edema

Abstract

Background: Paracetamol is a one of the commonly used over-the-counter analgesic & antipyretic drug. Paracetamol hypersensitivity can vary from immediate Type I hypersensitivity reactions such as angioedema, urticaria and anaphylaxis, which are probably immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated, to delayed Type IV reactions such as fixed-drug eruptions, stevens–Johnson syndrome, baboon syndrome & toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Case Report: This is a case of 28 years old female, with no known allergies or pre-existing medical conditions, came to dermatology OPD with acute onset of swelling around the eyes & itching all over the body shortly after consuming paracetamol 650mg for fever. No other medication was taken. Next day, she consulted in dermatology OPD. On examination, vital parameters were stable. Periorbital edema & rashes over the entire body were present. Proper treatment was given to the patient.
Discussion: Paracetamol hypersensitivity is mostly diagnosed based on the patient's clinical history. Hypersensitivity reactions to paracetamol are most commonly mediated through the pharmacological action of COX-1 inhibition but may also be paracetamol-specific IgE or T cells mediated.
Conclusion: Since paracetamol allergic reactions are rare, these could go unnoticed as the reason for sudden hypersensitivity, which might cause a delay in diagnosis.